JFActivist

1 in 10 People With Disabilities Have been Victims of a Hate Crime

From the Guardian (11/4/09):

Charity says 9% of disabled people have been victims of hate crime
Leonard Cheshire Disability included question on disability-related crime after high-profile incidents in which disabled people had been targeted
by Peter Walker

Almost one in 10 disabled people in the UK have been the victim of a hate crime, according to a leading disability charity.

For the first time, the 2009 version of an annual survey carried out by Leonard Cheshire Disability asked respondents whether they had faced a crime which they felt was motivated by their disability, with 9% saying they had.

"Even without a comparison for previous years, this is a shocking figure," said Eleanor Gore, from Leonard Cheshire, who compiled the review. "It's often hard to know how big a problem disability hate crime is as it tends to be very under-reported, and sometimes police and councils don't recognise it properly."

The charity said it had included the question after high-profile incidents in which disabled people had been targeted, notably the case of Fiona Pilkington and her 18-year-old daughter, Francecca. In September, an inquest jury criticised police and a council in Leicestershire for failing to help Pilkington after her family suffered years of abuse from gangs of youths. Pilkington killed herself and Francecca by setting the family car alight in a layby near their home...

>>>For the full article

AAPD Meets with Disability Representatives from Armenia

AAPD Meets with Disability Representatives from Armenia

Through a meeting sponsored by the League of Women Voters, AAPD met with Kamo Davtyan, Executive Director of Syunik Disabled People’s Support Coalition, “Voghji,” from the city of Kapan, the capital of Syunik province in southern Armenia. Mr. Davtyan was accompanied by another Voghji member, Ms. Meline Astsatryan, and several other people representing other non-profit organizations who are touring the U.S. to learn more about effective coalition-building. The Voghji disability coalition’s goals are to support the rights of people with disabilities, to facilitate their integration into society, to create employment opportunities and to propose and support legislative initiatives that support people with disabilities. Mr. Davtyan noted that there are about 600,000 people with disabilities in Armenia, or 20% of Armenia’s 3 million population.

Davtyan, who is disabled, leads the organization which currently has two paid employees and 20 unpaid volunteers and is entirely funded by the business community. One recent achievement is a decree enacted by the mayor that states "no new construction will be approved in Kapan if it does not include plans for ramps for the disabled." The challenge for Davtyan's group is to ensure that this decree is properly enforced. Another plan is to refurbish an old house as a center for people with disabilities, or one stop shop for services, information, and other activities. Other plans include obtaining a car to travel from village to village and acquiring technical support on issues relating to legislation and best practices. There is also a legislative effort underway to have a governmental decree issued for disability civil rights.

Information on Armenia at http://www.lwv.org/Content/ContentGroups/PressReleases/2008/ArmeniainBrief.pdf

More on Kapan, Armenia, home to disability coalition Voghji, at http://travel.mapsofworld.com/armenia/tourist-destinations-in-armenia/kapan-armenia.html

More on the League of Women Voters coalition-building activity in Armenia at http://www.lwv.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&CONTENTID=13947

Story  by  Jenifer Simpson, Senior Director, Government Affairs & Technology Initiatives, American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD)
Washington, DC USA  Email JSimpson@aapd.com

Just In: AAPD Joins Facebook Causes

From the JFA Moderator:

AAPD recently joined Facebook Causes as a way to get the word out about the disability rights movement and to make it easier for YOU, our dedicated activists, to contribute your support.

Take Action TODAY: Join or Donate to AAPD's Cause on Facebook and share these links with your friends.

>>> To Join the Movement

>>> To Support our Work

US Signs UN CRPD

From Reuters (7/30/09):

U.S. signs U.N. disabilities pact, in change of course

By Patrick Worsnip

UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) - The United States signed a U.N. convention on Thursday aimed at ensuring equal rights for the world's 650 million disabled people, a pact that the former Bush administration refused to endorse.

In a ceremony at U.N. headquarters, U.S. Ambassador Susan Rice inked the pact, billed by the United Nations as the first human rights treaty of the 21st century. It came into force last year.

The 32-page U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities outlaws all forms of discrimination at work on the basis of disability, including in hiring, promotion and working conditions. It requires equal pay for work of equal value.

It also calls on signatory states to promote the employment of disabled people, including through "affirmative action" programs that favor them.

The pact stipulates the disabled may not be excluded from mainstream education systems. It demands that governments provide them with physical access to transportation, schools, housing, medical facilities and workplaces.

Bush administration officials had said the document was weaker than the 1990 U.S. Americans with Disabilities Act and therefore could complicate enforcement of that law.

But Rice said the United States was "very pleased to join 141 other countries that have signed this convention in pursuit of a more just world." Sixty-one countries have ratified the pact.

President Barack Obama would soon submit the convention for Senate approval, Rice said at the ceremony attended by representatives of U.S. disability groups.

Valerie Jarrett, a senior adviser to Obama, told the gathering the signing was a "historic step toward advancing our global commitment to the fundamental human rights for all persons with disabilities."

She also announced the creation of a senior-level position at the State Department to develop a strategy to promote the rights of disabled people around the world.

The signing underlined the more favorable attitude toward the United Nations of the Obama administration than that of its predecessor, which often criticized the world body and was leery of international treaties that could have an impact on U.S. law.

Human Rights Watch, one of several advocacy groups that welcomed the signing, said the United States had signed six out of nine core international human rights treaties but ratified only three -- on racial discrimination, civil and political rights, and torture.

Jamil Dakwar of the American Civil Liberties Union said that Thursday was "a great day for the rights of people with disabilities and a step forward for the U.S. human rights movement."

It's Official: US Signs UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

From the ACLU:

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
July 30, 2009  3:51 PM

US Signs International Treaty on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities
Move Is Critical to Reassuming Leadership on Human Rights, Says ACLU

NEW YORK - July 30 - The United States today signed the most comprehensive international treaty on the rights of persons with disabilities in history. Susan Rice, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, signed the U.N. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) at the organization's headquarters in New York City. If ratified by the Senate, the CRPD will be the fourth major human rights treaty ever adopted by the U.S. and the first it has adopted in the 21st century. The American Civil Liberties Union welcomes this important step by the Obama administration to reengage the U.S. in international human rights efforts.

"This is a great day for the rights of people with disabilities and a step forward for the U.S. human rights movement," said Jamil Dakwar, Director of the ACLU Human Rights Program. "By signing the CRPD, the U.S. will reassume a leading role in the promotion and stewardship of human rights at home and abroad."

The CRPD, signed by 140 nations since May 2008, has significant overlap with the Americans with Disabilities Act and the other U.S. laws protecting disability rights. In addition, it provides a holistic and inclusive approach to defining disability, recognizes past discrimination in addressing problems individuals with disabilities encounter in society and includes specific articles related to the rights of women and children with disabilities. Under the CRPD, ratifying countries are obligated to prevent discrimination against, promote accessibility for and work to achieve the full realization of economic, social and cultural rights for persons with disabilities.

"If adopted by the United States, the CRPD will inspire a more vigorous and comprehensive approach in the U.S. to addressing the myriad injustices still suffered by persons with disabilities," said James Felakos, a Disability Rights Fellow with the ACLU. "We look forward to the Senate's ratification of the CRPD."

During his campaign, then-Senator Obama promised that he would sign the CRPD. The Bush administration chose not to sign the Convention, even after participating in the negotiating sessions that led to its drafting. Under the U.S. Constitution, after the Senate gives its advice and consent to ratification, a treaty becomes law.

The U.S. has also signed but has yet to ratify the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, two major human rights treaties that have significantly contributed to the protection and promotion of the rights of women and children worldwide.

An essay by Felakos on the CRPD is available online at: www.udhr60.org/enabling_everyone.pdf 

Information about the ACLU's work on the rights of persons with disabilities is available at: www.aclu.org/disability/index.html

Obama Speaks of Promise of the ADA

Below are the full remarks of President Obama as he announced the US's intention to sign the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities Friday, July 24 in commemoration of the Anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act.

You can watch the President's speech on YouTube at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1qmAGEIAs4 . Unfortunately, this version of the video is not captioned.  If anyone is aware of a captioned version please let me know.

From the White House (7/24/09):

REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT ON
SIGNING OF U.N. CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES PROCLAMATION

East Room

5:58 P.M. EDT

THE PRESIDENT:  Thank you.  Please, everybody be seated.  Thank you.  First of all, how about my Secretary of State?  (Applause.)  Give it up for Senator Hillary Clinton.  She is doing an unbelievable job.  She's traveling all around the world delivering a message that America is back and ready to lead.  And everywhere she goes she is representing us with grace and strength and we are very fortunate to have her.

I'm also lucky to have an outstanding Attorney General in Eric Holder -- (applause) -- so I wanted to make sure that we thank him for being here.  My Secretary of Labor, who is committed to these issues, Hilda Solis.  (Applause.)  We've got a couple of governors in the house, at least I see one of them over here, Governor David Paterson of New York.  (Applause.)  And I think that Christine Gregoire was here -- there she is, right here -- from Washington State.  (Applause.)

I want to thank the outstanding members of Congress who are on the stage.  Senator Dan Inouye, Representative Steny Hoyer, Representative Robert Andrews, Representative James Sensenbrenner, Representative Jim Langdon.  Thank you so much.  Please give them a big round of applause.  (Applause.)

And not on the stage, but extraordinarily important are three key figures who helped to get the original ADA passed.  I want to acknowledge them.  First of all, not able to attend, but this guy is a fierce warrior on behalf of the disabilities community, Tom Harkin.  (Applause.)  He couldn't be here, but give him a round of applause.  (Applause.)  Another person who could not be here but was instrumental in guiding the passage of this landmark legislation, Bob Dole, but his wonderful partner, Elizabeth Dole, Senator Elizabeth Dole is here, so please give her a round of applause on behalf of Bob Dole.  (Applause.)  And Attorney General and somebody who worked very hard on this issue, Richard Thornburgh.  Please give him a big round of applause.  (Applause.)  Where's Richard?  There he is.

Well, welcome to the White House.  We are thrilled to have you all here for an historic announcement regarding our global commitment to fundamental human rights for persons with disabilities.  I'm also honored to mark the anniversary of a historic piece of civil rights legislation with so many of the people who helped make it possible, and I'd like to reflect on that for a few moments.

I'm reminded today of my father-in-law -- some of you have heard his story -- Fraser Robinson.  He was Michelle's hero -- when you talk to her about her dad even today she just lights up.  He was a vibrant and athletic man who provided for his family as a shift worker at a water treatment plant in Chicago.  And in his early 30s, he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.  And even as it progressed, even as he struggled to get dressed in the morning and used two canes to get himself to work every day, despite the fact that he had to wake up a little bit earlier and work a little harder to overcome the barriers he faced every day -- he never complained.  He never asked for special treatment.  He just wanted to be given the opportunity to do right by his family.  Never missed a day of work.  Would have trouble buttoning his own shirts, but he would make sure that he woke up in time to do it.

And by the time I met him he would struggle with those two canes, but even if he had to go over a bumpy patch of grass to watch his son's ball games or go up a flight of stairs so that he could see his daughter dance, he would do it.  This was before the ADA passed.  And I think about him all the time when I think about these issues. 

It's a reminder of the very promise of the ADA.  Nineteen years ago this weekend, Democrats and Republicans, advocates and ordinary Americans, came together here at the White House to watch President George H.W. Bush sign the ADA into law.  Folks traveled from all across America to witness a milestone in the long march to achieve equal opportunity for all.

But like all great movements, this one did not begin or end in Washington, D.C.  It began in small towns and big cities across this country.  It began with people like Fraser Robinson showing that they can be full contributors to society regardless of the lack of awareness of others.  It began when people refused to accept a second-class status in America.  It began when they not only refused to accept the way the world saw them, but also the way they had seen themselves.

And when quiet acts of persistence and perseverance were coupled with vocal acts of advocacy, a movement grew, and people marched and organized and testified.  And parents of children with disabilities asked why their children, who had the same hopes and dreams as children everywhere else, were left out and left behind.  And wounded veterans came home from war only to find that, despite their sacrifice for America, they now felt excluded from America's promise.

We had a little meeting before we came out and Tony Coelho, who was instrumental on this issue, spoke in just incredibly moving terms about what it meant for him to be an epileptic and the fact that discrimination was rife -- he was rejected from the priesthood because that was considered unacceptable; he was rejected from the Army because that was considered unacceptable.

Those experiences could have just been internalized and people could have felt doubt, but instead it became a source of strength.  And step by step, progress was won.  Laws were changed.  Americans with disabilities were finally guaranteed the right to vote -- a right that only carries real meaning when you can enter the voting booth to cast that vote.  Folks were extended certain protections from discrimination, and given the needed rehabilitation and training to go to the job.  And even though we still have a long way to go with regard to education, children with disabilities were no longer excluded, no longer kept separate, and then no longer denied the opportunity to learn the same skills in the same classroom as other children.

Now, even two decades ago, too many barriers still stood.  Too many Americans suffered under segregation and discrimination.  Americans with disabilities were still measured by what folks thought they couldn't do -- not by what can.  Employers often assumed disabled meant unable.  Millions of Americans with disabilities were eager to work, but couldn't find a job.  An employer could have told a person with a disability, "No, we don't hire your kind."  That person then could have tried to find recourse at the courthouse, only to find that she couldn't enter the building -- and wouldn't find a receptive audience even if she did.

What was needed was a bill of rights for persons with disabilities, and that's what the ADA was.  It was a formal acknowledgment that Americans with disabilities are Americans first, and they are entitled to the same rights and freedoms as everybody else:  a right to belong and participate fully in the American experience; a right to dignity and respect in the workplace and beyond; the freedom to make of our lives what we will.

In a time when so many doubted that people with disabilities could participate in our society, contribute to our economy, or support their families, the ADA assumed they could.  Americans with disabilities didn't ask for charity or demand special treatment -- they only wanted a fair shot at opportunity.  They didn't want to be isolated, they wanted to be integrated; not dependent, but independent.  And allowing all Americans to engage in our society and our economy is in our national interest, especially now, when we all have a part to play to build a new foundation for America's lasting prosperity.

So the ADA showed the world our full commitment to the rights of people with disabilities -- and now we have an opportunity to live up to that commitment.  Today, 650 million people –- 10 percent of the world's population -- live with a disability.  In developing countries, 90 percent of children with disabilities don't attend school.  Women and girls with disabilities are too often subject to deep discrimination.

Disability rights aren't just civil rights to be enforced here at home; they're universal rights to be recognized and promoted around the world.  And that's why I'm proud to announce that next week, the United States of America will join 140 other nations in signing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities -- (applause) -- the first new human rights convention of the 21st century.

This extraordinary treaty calls on all nations to guarantee rights like those afforded under the ADA.  It urges equal protection and equal benefits before the law for all citizens; reaffirms the inherent dignity and worth and independence of all persons with disabilities worldwide.  I've instructed Ambassador Susan Rice to formally sign the Convention at the United Nations in New York next week, and I hope that the Senate can give swift consideration and approval to the Convention once I submit it for their advice and consent.

And even as we extend our commitment to persons for -- with disabilities around the world, we're working to deepen that commitment here at home.  We've lifted the ban on stem cell research.  We've reauthorized the Children's Health Insurance Program, continuing coverage for 7 million children and covering an additional 4 million children in need, including children with disabilities.  I was proud to sign the landmark Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Act, the first piece of comprehensive legislation specifically aimed at addressing the challenges that are faced by Americans living with paralysis.

We've nearly doubled funding for the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.  (Applause.)  We're strengthening anti-discrimination enforcement at the Justice Department.  We're creating a new special assistant position at the Department of Transportation just to focus on accessible transportation.  (Applause.)  We've launched the "Year of Community Living" to affirm the fundamental right of people with disabilities to live with dignity and respect wherever they choose.  (Applause.)

So I'm proud of the progress we've made.  But I'm not satisfied, and I know you aren't either.  Until every American with a disability can learn in their local public school in the manner best for them, until they can apply for a job without fear of discrimination, and live and work independently in their communities if that's what they choose, we've got more work to do.  As long as we as a people still too easily succumb to casual discrimination or fear of the unfamiliar, we've still got more work to do.

As we continue that work, we should remember just who it was that the ADA was all about.  It was about the young girl with cerebral palsy who just wanted to see a movie at her local theater, but was turned away.  It was about the Vietnam veteran who returned home paralyzed and said he felt like he'd fought for everyone but himself.  It was about the thousands of people with disabilities who showed up at public hearings all across the country to share their stories of exclusion and injustice -- and the millions more they spoke up for.

Because they did, we live in a country where our children can grow up with every opportunity to learn and compete, where our disabled veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan can navigate public places more easily, and where 54 million Americans with disabilities can pursue their full measure of happiness.  And what we've learned -- what we've -- what they have taught us is that it is far more noble and worthwhile and valuable to make it possible for these Americans to live up to their full potential.  Because when we do, it makes all of us more whole, it makes our union more perfect, it makes the United States of America strong.

Every morning, I walk along the Colonnade that connects this house to the Oval Office.  And there's something you might not notice unless you're really paying attention -- and I'll be honest, when I take that walk, I usually have a lot on my mind.  (Laughter.)  But there's a gentle slope at the end of that Colonnade, a ramp that was installed during a renovation of the West Wing 75 years ago, making it much easier for one of my predecessors to get to work.
 
Back then, fear and prejudice towards Americans with disabilities was the norm, but most Americans didn't even know that President Roosevelt had a disability.  That means that what most Americans also didn't know was that President Roosevelt's disability made absolutely no difference to his ability to renew our confidence, or rescue our economy, and mobilize our greatest generation to save our way of life.

Let me correct that -- I actually think it did make a difference in a positive way.   What he told us was that "further progress must of necessity depend on a deeper understanding on the part of every man and woman in the United States."  I believe we're getting there.  And today, because more than one in five Americans live with a disability -- and chances are, the rest of us love somebody with one -- we remember our obligation to ensuring their every chance to pursue the American Dream.  We celebrate the courage and commitment of those who brought us to this point.  And we recommit ourselves to building a world free of unnecessary barriers and full of that deeper understanding. 

So thank you, all, for being here.  Let's sign this bill.  (Applause.)

(The proclamation is signed.)

THE PRESIDENT:  There the go.  (Applause.)  Thank you, everybody.

       END                      6:15 P.M. ED

President Celebrates ADA Anniversary, US to Sign UN Convention

From the United States International Council on Disabilities (7/21/09):

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Americans with disabilities applaud President Obama’s intention to sign the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

The United States International Council on Disabilities (USICD), representing a broad constituency of Americans with disabilities and disability organizations, praised today’s announcement of President Barack Obama’s intention to sign the international Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

“President Obama committed in his campaign to signing the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and we applaud his leadership. This treaty is good for America, good for people with disabilities, and good for the world,” says Marca Bristo, President of USICD. “After decades as a global leader in the civil and human rights of persons with disabilities, the United States is reconnecting with the international community by affirming the basic human rights of all people with disabilities and positioning us to better contribute our expertise on the global level.”

On Friday, July 24, 2009, at a ceremony to take place in the White House, President Obama is scheduled to announce the intent of the United States to sign the CRPD. Signature indicates the country’s interest in joining this treaty, and begins a process in which the US Senate will review and provide advice and consent for ratification.

“It is fitting for President Obama to sign the CRPD this week, in commemoration of the 19th Anniversary of Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA),” says Tony Coehlo, former Representative from California in the US House, author of the ADA, current [Board Chair] of the American Association of Persons with Disabilities, and a board member of USICD. The 19th anniversary of the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act is July 26. “When we passed the ADA in 1990, we had no idea what a grand impact on disabled people around the world this legislation would be, or how it would inspire an international treaty of this importance.”

The Convention, or CRPD, addresses established international human rights standards in the context of people with disabilities. This treaty was needed because people with disabilities have historically been invisible in the implementation of international human rights standards. The international drafting process was notable for the inclusion of people with disabilities on official country delegations and as participants in advocacy groups invited to participate, with a rallying slogan of “Nothing about us, without us.”

“This treaty truly reflects the unique insights of disabled people from around the world. The participation of disabled people in decision-making about policies affecting our lives is changing the way we are regarded in our communities and by our governments, ” says Judy Heumann, former Clinton Administration appointee, member of the Board of Directors of USICD, and an authority on disability who participated in the negotiations to draft the treaty. “The invisibility of disabled people that is all too common around the world is changing. This treaty is a major advancement.”

The United Nations estimates that there are 650 million people with disabilities globally. Approximately 87% of the world’s population now resides in countries that have signed or ratified the CRPD. The CRPD addresses barriers that impede the full inclusion and participation of people with disabilities in their communities. Its provisions touch on all aspects of daily life, such as education, employment, living independently and being included in community life. Application of the treaty’s provisions is enhancing the opportunities around the world for community access, employment and entrepreneurship, international exchange, and the attainment of an adequate standard of living for all individuals, children and families affected by disability.

The United States International Council on Disabilities (USICD) is part of a coalition of organizations that support U.S. ratification of the CRPD as a means to broaden protection of the inherent rights of persons with disabilities across the world, and to solidify the rights of persons with disabilities within the United States. The United States led this effort with the adoption of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Ratification of the Convention will assure the United States continues to lead globally in promoting the rights of persons with disabilities.

“This is a historic day in the movement for full equality, access, and inclusion of people with disabilities in America,” says David Morrissey, Executive Director of USICD. “A broad coalition of Americans with disabilities have called for our country to sign this treaty, which upholds the American values of liberty, justice, and equality. We look forward to broad support for this treaty among all Americans, both with and without disabilities.”

USICD is a federation of US-based non-governmental organizations (NGO), government agencies and individuals committed to advocating in support of the international disability community.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT
THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

1. What are “human rights”?
“Human rights” are the rights that everyone has just by being human. Everyone is automatically entitled to enjoy the full range of human rights just because they are human. In other words, you don’t have to be a member of any particular group to have them, and nobody needs to give you your rights. Human rights are based on human needs, and we find them in human rights treaties (also called “conventions”), and also documents like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

2. What is a human rights convention?
A “convention” is a legally binding agreement, in writing, between two or more countries. Conventions can also be called “treaties.” Conventions can be used to address many kinds of topics. A “human rights convention” is a convention that deals specifically with the topic of human rights. The Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (CRPD) is an example of a human rights convention.

3. What is the Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (CRPD) about?
The CRPD is a human rights convention intended to promote, protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights by persons with disabilities. It addresses a number of key areas such as accessibility, personal mobility, health, education, employment, habilitation and rehabilitation, participation in political life, and equality and non-discrimination. The CRPD embodies a change in approach to disability, from thinking of it as a social welfare issue to being a human rights issue. Specifically, the CRPD uses a human rights approach to show how societies can remove the societal barriers and prejudices that lead to the exclusion and marginalization of persons with disabilities.

4. Does the CRPD create new rights?
No. The CRPD does not create any new or different rights for persons with disabilities under international human rights law. Rather, the CRPD talks about existing international human rights in a disability context.

5. How will the CRPD help persons with disabilities?
Historically, persons with disabilities have been treated as people to be sympathized or protected, and have often been forced to change or conform with societal views of what is “normal.” The CRPD helps to change this perception by embracing diversity, emphasizing the dignity and equality of all persons with disabilities, and recognizing that all people must be provided with the opportunities to live life to their fullest potential, whatever that may be. The extensive support for the CRPD around the world will help to establish greater inclusion of persons with disabilities in a wide variety of contexts. For example, increasing commitment abroad to accessibility will provide Americans with disabilities fresh opportunities to work, travel and contribute as equal members of the international community.

6. Who are persons with disabilities?
There is no internationally accepted definition of disability, and the CRPD does not include a definition of who persons with disabilities are. However, the CRPD approaches “disability” as an evolving concept which results from the interaction between people with different functional abilities and societal obstacles, such as physical barriers and attitudes. In other words, it is these barriers that are disabling for people, not their impairments or different functional abilities. The more obstacles and barriers a person faces the more disabled they become. Under the CRPD, persons with disabilities include but are not limited to those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments such as blindness, deafness, impaired mobility, and developmental impairments.

7. The U.S. is a States Party to other human rights conventions - why aren’t those enough to protect the rights of people with disabilities?
None of the conventions to which the US is already legally bound mentions disability. The CRPD is the first human rights convention to apply the disability perspective to all the human rights found those conventions. The CRPD can help provide guidance on how we can better live up to the human rights obligations we have already undertaken in other conventions, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

8. Is "signing" a convention the same thing as "ratifying" it?
No. When a country signs it becomes a “signatory.” Being a signatory means that the country agrees with the main idea of the convention, that it agrees it will not take any action to violate the main idea of the convention, and that it is interested in fully joining the convention in the future. When a country ratifies it becomes a “States Party.” Being a States Party means that a country is legally bound to comply with its obligations under the convention. Under the U.S. Constitution the President has the authority to ratify conventions with the advice and consent of two-thirds of the Senate.

9. Will the CRPD create obligations on countries?
Yes. The CRPD requires States Parties to ensure the enjoyment of human rights by persons with disabilities on an equal basis with others. For some countries this will require the introduction of non-discrimination legislation like the Americans with Disabilities Act. Additional measures might include eliminating laws and practices that discriminate against persons with disabilities, and considering persons with disabilities when adopting new policies and programs. Other measures could include making services, goods, and facilities accessible to persons with disabilities.

10. How is the CRPD monitored?
The success of the CRPD’s implementation will be independently monitored at both the national and international levels. At the national level States Parties must designate or establish an independent body to do this monitoring. At the international level a panel of independent experts called the “Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” will monitor the CRPD. For example, the Committee will review periodic reports submitted by States Parties and make recommendations on how implementation of the CRPD can be improved.

11. In the United States, we already have the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Why do we also need to sign and ratify the CRPD?
The U.S. is a global pioneer in championing the rights and inclusion of persons with disabilities. Indeed, many countries have modeled their disability legislation, policies and practices on those adopted by the U.S. Nevertheless, we still have more work to do to ensure the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in all areas of American life. Although ground-breaking, legislation such as the Americans with Disabilities Act does not address every fundamental right to which persons with disabilities are entitled. The CRPD addresses many of these missing areas, and its core principles are consistent with American values. Furthermore, the 2008 National Council on Disabilities report comparing the CRPD with U.S. law found that “there is no legal impediment to U.S. signature and ratification on the basis that, in large measure, the legal standards articulated in the CRPD align with U.S. disability law.” By joining the CRPD the U.S. would strengthen its approach to ensuring the full equality of persons with disabilities, and would send a message to the world that our commitment to the human rights of persons with disabilities is as strong as ever.

12. Does it make economic sense to join the CRPD?
Yes. Ensuring that persons with disabilities are able to live up to their potential makes good economic sense. By removing barriers persons with disabilities are just as able to be employees, employers, entrepreneurs, consumers and taxpayers as anyone else. When persons with disabilities are excluded from society we all lose out on the contributions they would otherwise make. Also, complying with the CRPD benefits all people, not just persons with disabilities. For example, universal design features such as elevators, ramps, and clear signage assist many people in addition to persons with disabilities.

Comment Below: How do you feel about the signing of the UN CRPD? Excited? Relieved? Ambivalent? Hopeful? Why?

N1H1 Epidemic Precautions

From the Division of Developmental Disabilities and The Arc of New Jersey (7/6/09):

H1N1 Dangers for People with Disabilities

Anyone who is caring for, or cares about, someone with a developmental disability should be aware that certain underlying medical conditions often found in people with these disabilities can make them susceptible to more severe complications from the flu virus than individuals without these conditions. This is of particular concern since the World Health Organization recently declared a global H1N1 flu pandemic. It is important to note that a pandemic declaration is based on the sustained worldwide spread of H1N1, not the severity of illness caused by the virus.

We want to stress that individuals with developmental disabilities are at no greater risk of contracting the H1N1 virus than any one else. However, you should be aware that:

•    Any individual who has a developmental disability that affects respiratory function has a higher risk of complications.

•    Any individual who has chronic pulmonary (including asthma) cardiovascular (except hypertension), renal, hepatic, hematological (including sickle cell disease), neurological, neuromuscular or metabolic disorders (including diabetes mellitus) has a higher risk of more severe complications.

•    Any individual whose developmental disability affects their ability to communicate and report onset or worsening of symptoms can be at higher risk of complications because of the potential for a delay in identifying influenza infections.

Because of these complication risks, individuals with developmental disabilities should be vigilant about taking preventative measures that can help them avoid the flu.  This is especially critical because there is no vaccine currently available for H1N1, and seasonal flu vaccinations do not provide protection against H1N1.

Like other flu viruses, H1N1 is spread person-to-person, and anyone who comes into contact with other people could be exposed to the virus. Recommended preventative measures include:

•    Wash your hands frequently, preferably with soap and water.  An alternative is to use alcohol-based hand sanitizers, but first refer to facility policies around their use, especially in regards to individuals who have a habit of placing their fingers or hands in their mouths.

•    Cover coughs and sneezes with a tissue, or practice the habit of coughing or sneezing into your inner elbow if you don’t have a tissue. Wash your hands or use hand sanitizer after sneezing or coughing into a tissue.

•    Keep the environment around you as clean as possible. Studies have shown that influenza virus can survive on surfaces such as books and doorknobs for as long as eight (8) hours. To prevent the spread of the virus, dispose of tissues and similar items in the trash. Clean and sanitize frequently-touched surfaces (such as desks, doorknobs, computer keyboards and toys) regularly.

•    Individuals with the H1N1 virus may be infectious for approximately 24 hours before they develop symptoms. While you do not want to avoid all human contact, be alert and even cautious about attending events that may involve large crowds or groups of people.

•    Avoid contact with anyone who is sick until that person becomes well.

•    Talk with your primary care physician about any steps he or she thinks you should take to be prepared including where to take the individual if he or she becomes ill when the doctor is not available, such as the ER on the weekend.  In some cases, physicians may recommend antiviral medication for individuals who are at high risk for complications from the flu. If your physician recommends medication, she/he will tell you when and how to take this medication. 

People with flu-like illnesses usually have temperatures of 100° F and a sore throat or cough in the absence of another known cause (e.g. strep throat).  If the individual you are caring for develops a flu-like illness: 

•    Take him or her to the doctor, or the alternative location suggested by the doctor, as soon as possible and follow the doctor’s instructions.

•    Keep the individual with a flu-like illness at home for seven (7) days and until all symptoms have resolved. 

Finally, we encourage you to become knowledgeable about the H1N1 virus and stay abreast of any new developments or recommendations. Some very good sources on the Internet include:

The World Health Organization: http://www.who.int/en/
The federal Centers for Disease Control: http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/guidance/
The New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services: http://www.state.nj.us/health/er/h1n1/

Comment Below: These particular dangers and precautions certainly apply more broadly than just to the developmental disability community. What precautions are you taking in your personal care? Share your experiences and suggestions?  How worried are you or are you not about this pandemic?

Is Disability Ugly?

From the Daily Mail (June 14, 2009):

I was banished to the stockroom, says disabled shop girl now suing Abercrombie & Fitch for discrimination

By Rebecca English

A disabled law student is suing retailer Abercrombie & Fitch for discrimination, claiming it made her work in a stockroom because her prosthetic arm didn't fit its public image.

Riam Dean, 22, was just days into a part-time job at the U.S. firm's flagship London store when she says she was asked to leave the shop floor.

She claims she was told she broke the company's 'Look Policy', which dictates how members of staff are meant to present themselves...

[Her manager] said: "I can't have you on the shop floor as you are breaking the Look Policy. Go to the stockroom immediately and I'll get someone to replace you."

'I pride myself on being quite a confident girl but I had never experienced prejudice like that before and it made me feel utterly worthless,' said Dean...

>>> For the Full Article

New Report on Route to Employment for People with Disabilities

Summary by Judene Shelley (5/3/09):

US and UK Routes to Employment: Strategies to Improve Integrated Service Delivery to People with Disabilities

In this report, researchers from the ICI [Institute for Community Inclusion]/UMass [Universtity of Massachusettes] Boston and City University London examine the experiences of the public employment services in the United States and United Kingdom in developing effective strategies for providing integrated service delivery.  Funded by the IBM Center for the Business of Government, the research focused on what works and what doesn't work, providing a roadmap to improving services for individuals with disabilities.  

The report identifies 12 strategies to strengthen integrated service delivery systems and to assist individuals with disabilities in gaining and maintaining productive employment.  Implementing these strategies can benefit individuals with disabilities, who have the opportunity to realize their potential more fully; the taxpayer, who is paying less for disability assistance; and society at large, which gains the productive skill of talented individuals.  However, the overall effectiveness of the employment services in the two countries for people with disabilities remains uncertain, and there are many challenges to be overcome.

The Executive Summary and Full Report can be downloaded at: http://communityinclusion.org/article.php?article_id=276&type=project&id=52

From the Executive Summary by the Institute for Community Inclusion:

Challenges to effective service delivery for people with disabilities are:

• The current economic situation and rising unemployment.
• Employers' lack of knowledge and misperceptions about employing people with disabilities.
• The need to engage people with disabilities before they move onto long-term benefits.
• The need to address all barriers to work of people with disabilities.
• Achieving an appropriate balance between mandatory and voluntary participation in employment-related services.
• The need for research on employment services and initiatives that is independent of government.

This report presents 12 strategies, including evidence of their effectiveness, that have been grouped into three themes. These strategies are a potential response to the challenges listed above. The strategies described are the result of a scoping review that the authors conducted of existing empirical research on PES delivery for people with disabilities in the US and the UK. Empirical research included both published and unpublished materials that were produced between January 2000 and June 2008.

Strategies to deliver existing services more effectively to people with disabilities:

1.    Proactively reach out and market to people with disabilities to increase access to employment programs and services.

2.    Create universally accessible and customer-friendly environments for direct employment service delivery.

3.    Provide specialist support to people with disabilities as needed.

4.    Train staff on disability and related issues to build organizational capacity to more effectively serve people with disabilities.

5.    Calculate whether people with disabilities would be better off working and give advice on work incentives to help them overcome financial worries about returning to work.

6.    Provide supports to help people with disabilities do their jobs and stay in work.

7.    Measure the effectiveness of job finding for people with disabilities to continuously improve employment service delivery.

Strategies to create partnerships to better serve people with disabilities:

8.    Engage disability organizations in direct employment service delivery.

9.    Partner with other service providers and share resources to provide more comprehensive employment service delivery but also prevent duplication.

10.  Understand employers' needs as an essential part of the process of finding jobs for people with disabilities.

Strategies to provide new services to people with disabilities:

11.  Intervene early to help prevent people going from sickness absence onto long-term disability benefits from becoming disconnected from the labor market.

12.  Help people to understand and manage their disability or health condition so that they are in a better position to obtain and keep employment.

>>> For the Full Summary and/or Full Report